Caballero Michelsen F, Gamarra R. Hernia Perineal, A Propósito de 1 Caso: Revisión del Tema. Rev Colomb Cir. 2016;10(1):23-7.
Escandón Espinoza YM, Arizmendi Baena J, González Acosta MA, et al. Hernia perineal primaria. Rev Esp Méd Quir. 2012;17(2):141-5.
Rodríguez Wong U. Hernia perineal posterior primaria. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la bibliografía. Cir Ciruj. 2014;82(1):93-7.
4. Cantero Cid R, Cerdán FJ, Gascón A, et al. Hernia perineal primaria. A propósito de un caso. Rev Toko-Ginecología Práctica. 1998;57(1)626:27-30.
Méndez Ibarra JU, Mora Sevilla JM, Evaristo Méndez G. Hernia perineal posterior primaria asociada a dolicocolon. Cir Ciruj. 2017;85(2):181-5.
DOI: 10.1016/j.circir.2015.12.009
Derry DE. Pelvis muscles and fasciae. J Anal Physiol. 1907;42:107-11.
Symington J. Further observations on the rectum and anal canal. J Anat. 1912;46:289-306.
Fuentes Valdés E, Dellá Mirabent G. Hernia perineal posoperatoria. Rev Cubana Cir. 2008;47(3).
Abraham Arap JF. Tratamiento de las hernias poco frecuentes. En: Abraham Arap JF, editor. Cirugía de las hernias de la pared abdominal. La Habana: Ecimed; 2010. pp. 522-31.
Nagtegaal ID, Van de Velde CJ, Marijnen CA, et al; Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group; Pathology Review Committee. Low rectal cancer: a call for a change of approach in abdominoperineal resection. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:9257-64.
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2005.02.9231
Miles WE. A method of performing abdomino-perineal excision of the rectum and the terminal portion of pelvic colon. Lancet. 1908;2:1812-3.
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)99076-7
Den Dulk M, Putte H, Collette L, et al. The abdominoperineal resection itself is associated with an adverse outcome: The European experience based on a pooled analysis of five European randomized clinical trials on rectal cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2009;45:1175-83.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.11.039
Shihab OC, Brown G, Daniels IR, et al. Patients with low rectal cancer treated by abdominoperineal excision have worse tumors and higher involved margin rates compared with patients treated by anterior resection. Dis Colon Rectum. 2010;53:53-6.
DOI: 10.1007/DCR.0b013e3181c70465
García-Granero E, Faiz O, Muñoz E, et al. Macroscopic assessment of mesorectal excision in rectal cancer: A useful tool for improving quality control in a multidisciplinary team. Cancer. 2009;8:3400-11.
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.24387
West NP, Finan PJ, Anderin C, et al. Evidence of the oncologic superiority of cylindral abdominoperineal excision for low rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:3517-1.
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2007.14.5961
17. Holm T, Ljung A, Haggmark T, et al. Extended abdominoperineal resection with gluteus maximus flap reconstruction of the pelvic floor for rectal cancer. Br J Surg. 2007;94:232-8.
DOI: 10.1002/bjs.5489
Altemeier WA, Culbertson WR, Alexander JW, et al. Primary closure of the perineal wound in abdominoperineal resection of the rectum for carcinoma. Am J Surg. 1974;127:215-9.
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9610(74)90160-3
Terranova O, Sandei F, Rebuffat C, Maruotti R, Pezzuoli G. Management of the perineal wound after rectal excision for neoplastic disease: a controlled clinical trial. Dis Colon Rectum. 1979;22:228-33.
DOI: 10.1007/BF02586880
Harshaw DH Jr, Gardner B, Vires A, et al. The effect of technical factors upon complications from abdominal perineal resections. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1974;139:756-8.
Warshaw AL, Ottinger LW, Bartlett MK. Primary perineal closure after proctocolectomy for inflammatory bowel disease: Prevention of the persistent perineal sinus. Am J Surg. 1977;133:414-9.
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9610(77)90124-6
McLachlin AD, MacKenzie DA. Combined abdominoperineal excision for cancer of the rectum: primary suture of the perineal incision with continuous suction. Can J Surg. 1970;13:350-3.
Broader JH, Masselink BA, Oates GD, et al. Management of the pelvic space after proctectomy. Br J Surg. 1974;61:94-7.
DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800610204
Irvin TT, Goligher JC. A controlled clinical trial of three different methods of perineal wound management following excision of the rectum. BrJ Surg. 1975;62:287-91.
Buckman RF Jr, Buckman PD, Hufnagel HV, et al. Aphysiologic basis for the adhesion-free healing of deperitonealized surfaces. J Surg Res. 1976;21:67-76.
DOI: 10.1016/0022-4804(76)90064-0
Bullard KM, Trudel JL, Baxter NN, et al. Primary perineal wound closure after preoperative radiotherapy and abdominoperineal resection has a high incidence of wound failure. Dis Colon Rectum. 2005;48:438-43.
DOI: 10.1007/s10350-004-0827-1
Christensen HK, Nerstrøm P, Tei T, et al. Perineal repair after extralevator abdominoperineal excision for low rectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 2011;54:711-7.
DOI: 10.1007/DCR.0b013e3182163c89
Shibata D, Hyland W, Busse P, et al. Immediate reconstruction of the perineal wound with gracilis muscle flaps following abdominoperineal resection and intraoperative radiation therapy for recurrent carcinoma of the rectum. Ann Surg Oncol. 1999;6(1):33-7.
DOI: 10.1007/s10434-999-0033-4
Christian CK, Kwaan MR, Betensky RA, et al. Risk factors for perineal wound complications following abdominoperineal resection. Dis Colon Rectum. 2005;48:43-8.
DOI: 10.1007/s10350-004-0855-x
Artioukh DY, Smith RA, Gokul K. Risk factors for impaired healing of the perineal wound after abdominoperineal resection of rectum for carcinoma. Colorectal Dis. 2007;9:362-7.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2006.01159.x
West NP, Anderin C, Smith KJ, et al; European Extralevator Abdominoperineal Excision Study Group. Multicentre experience with extralevator abdominoperineal excision for low rectal cancer. Br J Surg. 2010;97:588-99.
DOI: 10.1002/bjs.6916
Asplund D, Haglind E, Angenete E. Outcome of extralevator abdominoperineal excision compared with standard surgery: results from a single centre. Colorectal Dis. 2012;14:1191-6.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2012.02930.x
Showalter SL, Kelz RR, Mahmoud NN. Effect of technique on postoperative perineal wound infections in abdominoperineal resection. Am J Surg. 2013;206:80-5.
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2012.10.036
De Campos-Lobato LF, Stocchi L, Dietz DW, et al. Prone or lithotomy positioning during an abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer results in comparable oncological outcome. Dis Colon Rectum. 2011; 54:939-46.
DOI: 10.1097/DCR.0b013e318221eb64
Wiatrek RL, Thomas JS, Papaconstantinou HT. Perineal wound complications after abdominoperineal resection. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2008;21:76.
DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1055325
Robles Campos R, García Ayllón J, Parrila Paricio P, et al. Management of the perineal wound following abdominoperineal resection: prospective study of three methods. Br J Surg. 1992;79:29.
DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800790108
Baqué P, Karimdjee B, Iannelli A, et al. Anatomy of the presacral venous plexus: implications for rectal surgery. Surg Radiol Anat. 2004;26:355.
DOI: 10.1007/s00276-004-0258-7
Aboian E, Winter DC, Metcalf DR, et al. Perineal hernia after proctectomy: prevalence, risks, and management. Dis Colon Rectum. 2006;49:1564.
DOI: 10.1007/s10350-006-0669-0
Skipworth RJ, Smith GH, Anderson DN. Secondary perineal hernia following open abdominoperineal excision of the rectum: report of a case and review of the literature. Hernia. 2007;11:541.
DOI: 10.1007/s10029-007-0234-3
So JB, Palmer MT, Shellito PC. Postoperative perineal hernia. Dis Colon Rectum. 1997;40:954-7.
DOI: 10.1007/BF02051204
Beck DE, Fazio VW, Jagelman DG, et al. Postoperative perineal hernia. Dis Colon Rectum. 1987;30(1):21-4.
DOI: 10.1007/BF02556914
Sarr MG, Stewart JR, Cameron JC. Combined abdominoperineal approach to repair of postoperative perineal hernia. Dis Colon Rectum. 1982;25:597.
DOI: 10.1007/BF02564178
Araki Y, Noake T, Nagae T, et al. Perineal hernia in women: assessment with evacuation fluoroscopic cystocolpoproctography. Kurume Med J. 2007;54(3-4):51-5.
DOI: 10.2739/kurumemedj.54.51
MacKeigan JM, Cataldo PA. Abdominoperineal Resection. In: Hicks TC, Beck DE, Opelka FG, et al., editors. Complications of Colon and Rectal Surgery. Philadelphia: Williams & Wilkins, Media; 1996. p. 312.
Bataglia L, Muscara C, Rampa M, et al. Small bowel occlusion due to giant pernieal hernia. Abdominal approach with plastc perineal reconstructon. G Chir. 2012; 33:175-8.
Washiro M, Shimizu H, Katakura T, et al. Using the Uterus to Close a Pelvic Defect Afer primary Perineal Posterior Hernia Repair: Report of a Case. Surg Today. 2010;40:277-80.
DOI: 10.1007/s00595-008-4036-8
So JB, Palmer MT, Shellito PC. Postoperatve Perineal Hernia. Dis Colon Rectum. 1997; 40:954-7.
DOI: 10.1007/BF02051204
Pélissier E, Ngo P, Armstrong O. Tratamiento quirúrgico de las hernias perineales laterales. EMC-Técnicas Quirúrgicas-Aparato Digestivo. 2010;26(2):1-5.
DOI: 10.1016/S1282-9129(10)70119-7
Kravarusic D, Swartz M, Freud D. Perineal hernias in children: Case report and review of the literature. Afr J Paediatr Surg. 2012;9:172-5.
DOI: 10.4103/0189-6725.99411
Sorelli PG, Clark SK, Jenkins JT. Laparoscopic repair of primary perineal hernias: the approach of choice in the 21st century. Colorectal Dis. 2012;14:72-3.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2011.02807.x
Holm T, Ljung A, Häggmark T, et al. Extended abdominoperineal resection with gluteus maximus flap reconstruction of the pelvic floor for rectal cancer. Br J Surg. 2007;94(2):232.
DOI: 10.1002/bjs.5489
Shibata D, Hyland W, Busse P, et al. Immediate reconstruction of the perineal wound with gracilis muscle flaps following abdominoperineal resection and intraoperative radiation therapy for recurrent carcinoma of the rectum. Ann Surg Oncol. 1999;6(1):33-7.
DOI: 10.1007/s10434-999-0033-4
Wiatrek RL, Thomas JS, Papaconstantinou HT. Perineal wound complications after abdominoperineal resection. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2008;21:76.
DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1055325
Fingerhut A, Hay JM, Delalande JP, et al. Passive vs. closed suction drainage after perineal wound closure following abdominoperineal rectal excision for carcinoma. A multicenter, controlled trial. The French Association for Surgical Research. Dis Colon Rectum. 1995;38:926.
DOI: 10.1007/BF02049727
Rothenberger DA, Wong WD. Abdominoperineal resection for adenocarcinoma of the low rectum. World J Surg. 1992;16:478.
DOI: 10.1007/BF02104451
Balla A, Batista Rodríguez G, Buonomo N, et al. Perineal hernia repair after abdominoperineal excision or extralevator abdominoperineal excision: a systematic review of the literature. Tech Coloproctol. 2017;21:329-36.
DOI: 10.1007/s10151-017-1634-8
Ong SL, Miller AS. A transperineal approach to perineal hernia repair using suture anchors and acellular porcine dermal mesh. Tech Coloproctol. 2013;17:605-7.
DOI: 10.1007/s10151-011-0774-5
Martijnse IS, Holman F, Nieuwenhuijzen GA, et al. Perineal hernia repair after abdominoperineal rectal excision. Dis Colon Rectum. 2012;55:90-5.
DOI: 10.1097/DCR.0b013e3182334121
Sayers AE, Patel RK, Hunter IA. Perineal hernia formation following extralevator abdominoperineal excision. Colorectal Dis. 2015;17:351-5.
DOI: 10.1111/codi.12843
Papadakis M, Hübner G, Bednarek M, et al. Composite mesh and a gluteal fasciocutaneous rotation flap for perineal hernia repair after abdominoperineal resection: a novel technique. Updates Surg. 2017;69:109-11.
DOI: 10.1007/s13304-017-0427-y
Berrevoet F, Pattyn P. Use of bone anchors in perineal hernia repair: a practical note. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2005;390:255-8.
DOI: 10.1007/s00423-004-0523-6